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- <text id=91TT1364>
- <title>
- June 24, 1991: America Abroad
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- June 24, 1991 Thelma & Louise
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 31
- AMERICA ABROAD
- The Price of Freedom
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By Strobe Talbott
- </p>
- <p> VILNIUS. While Russia was electing its first real
- President, the Baltic republics were going about their own
- democratic business. In Estonia, four anticommunist parties
- pushed for legislation to break up collective farms and convert
- them into private plots. In Latvia, parliamentarians vigorously
- debated emergency health care for local soldiers who helped
- clean up the Chernobyl disaster five years ago. In Lithuania,
- the Supreme Council passed a new social-welfare bill that will
- require raising taxes.
- </p>
- <p> The Balts' strategy is to achieve sovereignty in
- increments. They have already established their own border posts
- and invited Western economists to advise them on how to set up
- their own banks. They are trying to introduce their own systems
- of insurance and taxation as well as their own postage stamps
- and passports. Two weeks ago, the three Baltic governments
- called on the KGB to abolish its branch offices in the
- republics. Last week the three Presidents announced their
- intention to sign an international treaty curbing the spread of
- nuclear weapons. They were putting the Soviet Union on notice
- that it must someday remove its nukes from their territory.
- </p>
- <p> Sooner or later, however, the Balts need the Kremlin's
- acquiescence to be truly independent. For that they are counting
- on a combination of pressures from inside and outside the
- U.S.S.R.
- </p>
- <p> Most Balts were rooting for Boris Yeltsin to win the
- Russian presidency. "During Yeltsin's campaign he backed our
- cause," says Marju Lauristin, head of the Estonian Social
- Democratic Party. "However, he was severely attacked for doing
- so, and even with his new mandate, there will continue to be
- political forces hostile to us."
- </p>
- <p> Mavriks Vulfsons, chairman of the foreign affairs
- committee of the Latvian parliament, agrees that Yeltsin's
- victory is a "glimmer of hope," but he warns: "Hard-line
- imperialists have lost a battle, not the war."
- </p>
- <p> Vulfsons believes that Gorbachev is still indispensable as
- President of the U.S.S.R. "Gorbachev is a brilliant tactician,"
- he says. "Only he can keep control over the dark underside of
- Russian nationalism, particularly in its colonialist form."
- </p>
- <p> That force erupted on two bloody Sundays in January, when
- Black Beret special forces and other Soviet units killed at
- least 18 people in Vilnius and Riga. Last Friday, Black Berets
- burned a Lithuanian customs post on the Latvian border and
- sebeat an unarmed guard. The entrances to official buildings
- throughout the Baltics are barricaded with concrete slabs, some
- decorated with patriotic murals. Now Moscow is threatening to
- impose economic sanctions on any republic that secedes, and the
- general staff of the armed forces is insisting that the Baltic
- governments pay "financial compensation" for any of their
- citizens who resist the draft.
- </p>
- <p> Ironically, this may turn out to be good news. By
- demanding that the Balts fork over what amounts to reparations
- for living under Soviet occupation for 51 years, Moscow seems
- to have conceded the principle of freedom and opened the bidding
- on its price. "We are ready to start negotiations any time,"
- says Lithuanian Vice President Ceslovas Stankevicius.
- </p>
- <p> Gorbachev will be in London next month, hat in hand,
- appealing for aid from the major industrialized democracies. If
- the leaders there oblige him with any money at all, they should
- make clear they are underwriting not just the future of reform
- inside the U.S.S.R. but the right of the Balts to leave without
- being mugged on their way out the door. Call it ransom--but
- it would be worth it.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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